Returns for tree intree a matrix ipar
of indices to the parent of individual nodes following the path
against the direction of the adjacency matrix towards the root of the tree.
This function is crucial to many other functions based on graph theory
in the TREES package.
Example:
>> ipar_tree (sample2_tree)
_1 _0 _0 _0 0 0 0 0 0 → path of root
_2 _1 _0 _0 0 0 0 0 0 → path of node #2, etc...
_3 _2 _1 _0 0 0 0 0 0
_4 _3 _2 _1 0 0 0 0 0
_5 _4 _3 _2 1 0 0 0 0
_6 _5 _4 _3 2 1 0 0 0
_7 _6 _5 _4 3 2 1 0 0
_8 _7 _6 _5 4 3 2 1 0
_9 _6 _5 _4 3 2 1 0 0
10 _3 _2 _1 0 0 0 0 0
11 10 _3 _2 1 0 0 0 0
12 11 10 _3 2 1 0 0 0
13 12 11 10 3 2 1 0 0
14 12 11 10 3 2 1 0 0
15 10 _3 _2 1 0 0 0 0
>> ipar_tree (sample_tree, '-s')
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